Poul Anderson's Operation Chaos features a world making extensive use of magic in daily life, and among other things having flying carpets as a common, non-polluting means of transportation - in fierce competition with the also available flying brooms. In Mark Twain's " Captain Stormfield's Visit to Heaven", magic wishing carpets are used to instantaneously travel throughout Heaven. Russian painter Viktor Vasnetsov illustrated the tales featuring a flying carpet on two occasions. Such gifts help the hero to find his way "beyond thrice-nine lands, in the thrice-ten kingdom". a ball that rolls in front of the hero showing him the way, or a towel that can turn into a bridge). In Russian folk tales, Baba Yaga can supply Ivan the Fool with a flying carpet or some other magical gifts (e.g. In Shaikh Muhammad ibn Yahya al-Tadifi al-Hanbali's book of wonders, Qala'id-al-Jawahir ("Necklaces of Gems"), Shaikh Abdul-Qadir Gilani walks on the water of the River Tigris, then an enormous prayer rug ( sajjada) appears in the sky above, "as if it were the flying carpet of Solomon ". The carpet was shielded from the sun by a canopy of birds. Solomon's carpet was reportedly made of green silk with a golden weft, sixty miles (97 km) long and sixty miles (97 km) wide: "when Solomon sat upon the carpet he was caught up by the wind, and sailed through the air so quickly that he breakfasted at Damascus and supped in Media." The wind followed Solomon's commands, and ensured the carpet would go to the proper destination when Solomon was proud, for his greatness and many accomplishments, the carpet gave a shake and 40,000 fell to their deaths. We do find an effect on the next generation - children who lived in a better environment grew up to have children who achieved higher educational attainment.One of Vasnetsov's paintings of a flying carpet We find weaker and somewhat mixed effects on health outcomes, and no effect on political views. The estimated effects are much more pronounced for women than for men. They were also more likely to be assimilated into Israeli society, to be less religious, and have more worldly tastes in music and food.
with better sanitary and infrastructure conditions) were more likely to obtain higher education, marry at an older age, have fewer children, and work at age 55.
We find that children who were placed in a better environment (i.e. We construct three summary measures of the childhood environment: 1) whether the home had running water, sanitation and electricity 2) whether the locality of residence was in an urban environment with a good economic infrastructure and 3) whether the locality of residence was a Yemenite enclave. As a result, they were scattered across the country in essentially a random fashion, and as we show, the environmental conditions faced by immigrant children were not correlated with other factors that affected the long-term outcomes of individuals. The Yemenites, who lacked any formal schooling or knowledge of a western-style culture or bureaucracy, believed that they were being "redeemed," and put their trust in the Israeli authorities to make decisions about where they should go and what they should do. To do this, we exploit a natural experiment provided by the 1949 Magic Carpet operation, where over 50,000 Yemenite immigrants were airlifted to Israel. This paper estimates the effect of the childhood environment on a large array of social and economic outcomes lasting almost 60 years, for both the affected cohorts and for their children. Transportation Economics in the 21st Century.Training Program in Aging and Health Economics.The Roybal Center for Behavior Change in Health.Retirement and Disability Research Center.Measuring the Clinical and Economic Outcomes Associated with Delivery Systems.Improving Health Outcomes for an Aging Population.Early Indicators of Later Work Levels, Disease and Death.Conference on Research in Income and Wealth.Boosting Grant Applications from Faculty at MSIs.Productivity, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship.International Finance and Macroeconomics.